Intelligent Systems in Power System

Information for:

Security Assessment

Fault Analysis

Power System Protection

In this case we will let the students think more about what they have learn so far. Now observe the system below:

Figure 5.

Take a look at figure 5 and think about it for a second.

What can you tell from figure 5?
A fault at the line between Vado Term and Vignole B. The result can be verified by looking at figure 6. Is it the same?

Note: The hypothesis statement identify phase using Italian diagnostic where A is represented by F4, B by F5 and C by F6.

Is there any malfunction involved? Why?
No, the two breakers at both substation have succeded in clearing the fault.

Can you find the de-energized zone by observing the system? What are the components of the de-energized zone?
Yes. The component is just the isolated line in this case.

How many substation see the fault if the system is a 3-zone system?
Six substation see the fault in third zone. They are Entracque, Casanova, Piossasco,Parma Vigh, Margione, and Baggio.

Figure 6. Hypothesis for the second case

Now look at the SER report data below:

Index	Date	Time	Time (msec)	Substation Name	Volt (kV)	Line Name	Line No.	Status	Component

Figure 7.

Explain what really happen in the SER data by using a sentence or two describing each protection and recovery action. Combine similar action. For example, actions 1-3 see the fault and start the distance relay.

(1-12) All of these substations see the fault. Those substations that see the fault in first zone will start the protection system.

(13-14) The relays at Vado Term and Vignole are tripped.

(15-16) Both substations then send a signal to open the breakers.

(17-18) Breakers at Vado Term and Vignole are opened.

(19-20) Automatic reclosure at Vignole, and the breaker at Vignole was closed.

(21-22) Automatic reclosure at Vado Term, and the breaker at Vignole was closed.

(23-34) All of these substation see the fault for the second time. Those substations that see the fault in first zone will start the protection system.

(35-36) The relay at Vado Term and Vignole are tripped.

(37-38) Both substations then send a signal again to open the breakers.

(39-41) The second relay trip at Vignole cause the three phase breakers to open.

(41-44) The second relay trip at Vado Term cause the three phase breakers to open.

Do you think the hypothesis generate the correct result? Why?
Yes, because the hypothesis is consistent with the SER report.

Can you also identify all the substations that see the fault (assume the system is a two zone system)*.

Zone 1: Vado Term and Vignole

Zone 2: Magliano and Castelnuov

As an additional exercise, consider a SLG phase B fault between Baggio and Ospiate, can you make the SER report? (assume the system is a two zone system). Below is the SER report generated from GAAM by simulating the SLG phase B fault between Baggio-Ospiete.

13-12-98 20:57:45 000 OSPIATE 380 BAGGIO 1 STARTING DIST PROT PHASE A
13-12-98 20:57:45 000 BOVISIO 380 OSPIATE 1 STARTING DIST PROT PHASE A
13-12-98 20:57:45 000 BAGGIO 380 OSPIATE 1 STARTING DIST PROT PHASE A
13-12-98 20:57:45 000 CASTELNUOV 380 BAGGIO 1 STARTING DIST PROT PHASE A
13-12-98 20:57:45 000 LACCHIAREL 380 BAGGIO 1 STARTING DIST PROT PHASE A
13-12-98 20:57:45 000 TURBIGO ST 380 BAGGIO 1 STARTING DIST PROT PHASE A
13-12-98 20:57:45 100 OSPIATE 380 BAGGIO 1 TRIPPING DIST PROT PHASE A
13-12-98 20:57:45 100 BAGGIO 380 OSPIATE 1 TRIPPING DIST PROT PHASE A
13-12-98 20:57:45 120 BAGGIO 380 OSPIATE 1 RECEIVED TELEPILOT.
13-12-98 20:57:45 125 OSPIATE 380 BAGGIO 1 RECEIVED TELEPILOT.
13-12-98 20:57:45 155 OSPIATE 380 BAGGIO 1 OPEN BREAKER PHASE A
13-12-98 20:57:45 155 BAGGIO 380 OSPIATE 1 OPEN BREAKER PHASE A
13-12-98 20:57:47 000 OSPIATE 380 BAGGIO 1 ROCLOSING AUTOMATIC RECLOSURE
13-12-98 20:57:47 000 BAGGIO 380 OSPIATE 1 ROCLOSING AUTOMATIC RECLOSURE
13-12-98 20:57:47 005 OSPIATE 380 BAGGIO 1 STARTING DIST PROT PHASE A
13-12-98 20:57:47 005 BOVISIO 380 OSPIATE 1 STARTING DIST PROT PHASE A
13-12-98 20:57:47 005 BAGGIO 380 OSPIATE 1 STARTING DIST PROT PHASE A
13-12-98 20:57:47 005 CASTELNUOV 380 BAGGIO 1 STARTING DIST PROT PHASE A
13-12-98 20:57:47 005 LACCHIAREL 380 BAGGIO 1 STARTING DIST PROT PHASE A
13-12-98 20:57:47 005 TURBIGO ST 380 BAGGIO 1 STARTING DIST PROT PHASE A
13-12-98 20:57:47 105 OSPIATE 380 BAGGIO 1 TRIPPING DIST PROT PHASE A
13-12-98 20:57:47 105 BAGGIO 380 OSPIATE 1 TRIPPING DIST PROT PHASE A
13-12-98 20:57:47 125 BAGGIO 380 OSPIATE 1 RECEIVED TELEPILOT.
13-12-98 20:57:47 130 OSPIATE 380 BAGGIO 1 RECEIVED TELEPILOT.
13-12-98 20:57:47 160 OSPIATE 380 BAGGIO 1 OPEN BREAKER PHASE A
13-12-98 20:57:47 160 OSPIATE 380 BAGGIO 1 OPEN BREAKER PHASE B
13-12-98 20:57:47 160 OSPIATE 380 BAGGIO 1 OPEN BREAKER PHASE C
13-12-98 20:57:47 160 BAGGIO 380 OSPIATE 1 OPEN BREAKER PHASE A
13-12-98 20:57:47 160 BAGGIO 380 OSPIATE 1 OPEN BREAKER PHASE B
13-12-98 20:57:47 160 BAGGIO 380 OSPIATE 1 OPEN BREAKER PHASE C

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